At the 1860 Republican convention in Chicago, Abraham Lincoln won his party's nomination for president of the United States. In 19 th century America, hardly a presidential candidate won an election without having his name linked to liberty in a song. Jesse Hutchinson, Jr., of New Hampshire's famous Hutchinson Family Singers, wrote the lyrics to Lincoln and Liberty and set them to the tune of Rosin the Bow , an Irish melody that is one of the most parodied in folk music. The Hutchinson Family Singers traveled the country singing anti-slavery and pro-Union songs, frequently at Lincoln's campaign appearances, and later, in the White House.
Lincoln and Liberty became Lincoln's official campaign song in 1860 and was published in the book The Hutchinson's Republican Songster , which was used at rallies everywhere. On November, 6, 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected the sixteenth president of the United States. He bid farewell to friends and supporters in Springfield on February 11, 1861 and boarded a train bound for Washington. By the time he took office on March 4, 1861, his publicly stated belief that slavery was "a moral, a social, and a political wrong" prompted the lower South to secede from the Union and form the Confederate States of America in an effort to protect their "peculiar institution." When Confederate forces attacked a United States military installation at Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina on April 12, 1861, the Civil War had begun.